General Introduction

An ``Electron Compressor'' is a device for compensation of the beam-beam effects in proton-(anti)proton colliders with use of a high current, low energy electron beam. Since the electron charge is opposite to the proton charge, its impact can in principle counteract the electromagnetic force due to proton beam.

Modifications of the proposal [1],[2] are

• The ``electron lens'' with modulated current which is supposed to provide different linear defocusing forces for different antiproton bunches (spaced by $\tau$=132 ns in the Tevatron'33 upgrade project [3]) and, therefore, equalize their betatron frequencies which are not naturally equal due to proton-antiproton interaction in numerous parasitic crossings along the ring;
• The ``electron compressor'', essentially nonlinear but DC electron lens to compensate (in average) the non-linear focusing of antiprotons due to proton beam and, thus, to reduce the beam-beam footprint.

The electron beam setup looks much like an electron cooler, except electrons collide with antiprotons (proton beam is separated from the latter two). About 2-m long, 2-mm diameter, 10 kV electron beam with 1-2 Amperes of current is to be installed in a place with large beta-function($\sim$100m), away from the main interaction points (IPs - B0 and D0 at the Tevatron). A strong longitudinal magnetic field plays a significant role in maintaining stability of both electron and antiproton beams as well as in keeping the electron beam current distribution distortions and, therefore, distortions of electron space charge forces, within acceptable limits.

... See papers to learn more about problems, possibilities and solutions ...

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